Vertical scaling means increasing the capacity of a single server by adding more CPU, RAM, or storage instead of adding more servers.
You need a key pair when launching a Linux EC2 instance because it’s required for SSH access. When using EC2 Instance Connect, you don’t need the .pem file, as the Linux machine can be accessed through the browser. The .pem key is only required when connecting to the EC2 Linux instance using an SSH client.
Linux is an open‑source operating system kernel that powers many servers, desktops, and devices.
Yes, it’s possible to use the same key pair for multiple EC2 instances.
The purpose of EC2 key pairs provide secure password than usual passwords. A key pair security credentials that proves your identity when connecting EC2 instance.