Please define SAAS?

SaaS (Software as a Service) is a cloud computing service model in which software applications are delivered over the internet, rather than being installed locally on a user’s computer or on-premises server.

Key Characteristics of SaaS:

Hosted in the cloud: The software runs on the provider’s servers.

Access via web browser or app: Users don’t need to install or maintain the software locally.

Subscription-based model: Usually paid monthly or annually.

Automatic updates: The provider manages updates, patches, and maintenance.

Scalable: Can handle more users or data as needed without user intervention.

Examples of SaaS:

Google Workspace (Gmail, Docs, Sheets)

Microsoft 365

Salesforce

Zoom

Please provide the definition for hypervisor or explain this term

A hypervisor is software, firmware, or hardware that creates and manages virtual machines (VMs). It allows multiple operating systems to run simultaneously on a single physical computer by abstracting the hardware resources and allocating them to each VM. Essentially, it acts as a layer between the physical hardware and the virtual machines, enabling virtualization.

There are two main types of hypervisors:

Type 1 (Bare-Metal Hypervisor):

Runs directly on the physical hardware.

No underlying operating system is needed.

Examples: VMware ESXi, Microsoft Hyper-V, Xen.

Type 2 (Hosted Hypervisor):

Runs on top of an existing operating system.

The host OS manages the hardware, and the hypervisor runs as an application.

Examples: VMware Workstation, Oracle VirtualBox.

Key point: A hypervisor enables virtualization, making it possible to run multiple isolated OS environments on the same hardware, improving resource utilization and flexibility.

Please let me know the full form of .pem

The full form of .pem is Privacy Enhanced Mail.

Could you give us a real-life use case where Internet Gateway and NAT Gateway work together?

What are some common mistakes people make while setting up VPCs, subnets, or gateways?