Yes there will be a difference in the latency depending on the distance between the EFS file system and clients access points
Network performance between an EC2 instance and Amazon EFS significantly impacts overall latency. High network latency, including issues like packet loss or jitter, can lead to delays in file operations, potentially slowing down application performance. Conversely, good network connectivity with minimal latency enables faster file access, resulting in improved application responsiveness.
There are three throughput modes available in EFS.
1) Bursty throughput
2) Provisioned throughput
3) Elastic throughput
. Burty throughput is performance tied to file system size, burstable with credits.
Provisioned throughput is fixed, guaranteed throughput,independent of storage size.
Elastic throughput based on workload and storage size.