how CloudFront uses edge locations to cache content and reduce latency for end users.

When the end user make request for content Cloud Front uses the nearest edge location to provide it to the user. If the requested content is already cached in the edge location, then it is immediately served reducing latency for end user. Content is cached at the edge location based on the Time-to-Live (TTL).

What is the difference between Application Load Balancer and Network Load Balancer?

Application load balancer operates on layer 7 and supports http/https protocols, whereas Network load balancer operates on layer 4 and supports tcp/upd protocols. ALB is used for web applications that uses content-based routing with HTTP(S) traffic. NLB is used for high-performance, low-latency applications requiring TCP or UDP traffic.

How does AWS Auto Scaling optimize the performance of EC2 instances?

AWS Auto Scaling enhances performance by scaling in and out as per the need.It automatically adjusts resources to match the load, thereby optimizing both application performance and infrastructure cost.

What are the limitations of VPC peering?

VPC peering is not transitive.
VPCs with overlapping CIDR blocks cannot establish a peering connection.
Managing many peering connections becomes complex as the network grows.
Routes must be manually added to the route tables of each VPC involved in the peering.

What are the key differences between Amazon EBS and instance store volumes?

Amazon EBS is persistent, durable, and configurable storage with backup capabilities whereas instance store is for temporary, high-performance storage where data loss is acceptable